• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The invention relates to a rail crossing (7) for a shelf storage (1), the rail crossing (7) comprising at least two longitudinal rails (4) on which a rack vehicle (5) can travel in a horizontal longitudinal direction (L), and at least two transverse rails ( 6), on which the rack vehicle (5) can travel in a horizontal transverse direction (Q), the cross rails (6) being provided so movably in the rail crossing (7) that in a first position the cross rails (6) are removed from the rack vehicle (5) can be driven over and in a second position of the transverse rails (6) there is a passage area between the longitudinal rails (4).
    公开号:AT522334A4
    申请号:T50712/2019
    申请日:2019-08-13
    公开日:2020-10-15
    发明作者:
    申请人:Knapp Ag；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    Rail crossing for a shelf storage
    The invention relates to a rail crossing for a rack warehouse, the rail crossing comprising at least two longitudinal rails on which a rack vehicle can travel in a horizontal longitudinal direction, and at least two transverse rails on which the
    Can drive shelf vehicle in a horizontal transverse direction.
    In modern shelf storage systems, shelf vehicles (“shuttles‘ ”) are used, which travel horizontally on longitudinal rails along a shelf aisle in order to automatically convey stored goods from the shelf warehouse or to bring them into it. The longitudinal rails are usually part of the respective shelf and firmly connected to it. These systems are one-dimensional, i.e. the shelf vehicle can only be in one dimension along the
    Move aisle, for example back and forth on a rail.
    An example of such a rack store are automatic small parts stores that have rack lengths of up to 200 m and rack heights of up to 40 m. The use of special inspection, maintenance and, above all, escape concepts to protect the people working in the system is of great importance. With regard to the escape concept, an escape option in modern shuttle systems corresponds to the state of the art. This implies possibilities of escape both at the beginning and at the end of the alley. With classic one-dimensional shuttles, the escape route is only through
    Any shuttles in the route are affected.
    WO 2016/010429 A1 shows a shelf system in which the shelf vehicles can not only travel along the shelf aisle, but also across it, so that the shelf vehicles can move from one shelf aisle to another. For this purpose, rail crossings are used which include longitudinal rails running along the aisle and cross rails running transversely thereto. The rail crossing is made in one piece as a rail cross and is firmly connected to the shelf to ensure mechanical stability
    of the shelving system. Since the rack vehicles in such systems along a longitudinal direction and a
    In this case, we speak of multidimensional systems. Through the
    rigid intersection, however, it is no longer possible to use the shelf aisle as an escape route,
    multidimensional systems can only be carried out with great effort.
    It is therefore the object of the invention to create a shelving system or a rail crossing for this purpose, in which a shelf vehicle can drive in both a longitudinal direction parallel to the shelf aisle and along a transverse direction transversely to the shelf aisle, but the shelf system or the rail crossing a increased security for
    Provides workers in the rack warehouse or enables improved maintenance.
    This object is achieved by a rail crossing for a rack warehouse, the rail crossing comprising at least two longitudinal rails on which a rack vehicle can travel in a horizontal longitudinal direction, and at least two cross rails on which the rack vehicle can travel in a horizontal transverse direction, the cross rails being movable in this way it is provided in the rail crossing that in a first position of the cross rails they can be driven over by the rack vehicle and
    in a second position there is a passage area between the longitudinal rails.
    In this way, a rail crossing can be created which, by moving the cross rails from the first position to the second position, enables the rack aisle to be cleared as an escape route in an emergency, the longitudinal rails remaining in their position, for example. At the same time, the cross rails can be returned to the first position after the rack aisle has been cleared to allow normal operation of the
    To resume the shelf system or the rail crossing.
    In a preferred embodiment, the cross rails can be dismantled manually without tools, for example by means of a bolt connection, by means of which the cross rails are fastened in the rail crossing. This enables the cross rails to be released more quickly and, in particular, in panic situations,
    to release the shelf aisle.
    In an alternative embodiment to this, however, the cross rails in the first position could also be mounted in the rail crossing by means of fastening elements, preferably by means of fastening screws. This could be used, for example, if the cross rails are dismantled for maintenance purposes and an alternative
    There is an escape route outside the shelf aisle.
    Cross rails in the second position do not represent any obstacles in the escape route.
    In the mentioned embodiment with securing elements, the securing elements are preferably arranged in the first position of the cross rails in such a way that they do not hinder the travel of the rack vehicle. For example, the securing elements can be automatically brought into a position by means of gravity and / or spring force in which none
    Collision with the rack vehicle is possible.
    It is advantageous if the cross rails are inserted into the rail intersection in the first position and positioned by means of positioning aids, the cross rails preferably being locked with locking pins. The positioning aids can be used both in the embodiment in which the cross rails can be removed manually without tools, and in that embodiment in which the cross rails are screwed, for example, in the rail intersection. The locking pins can be a
    Additionally secure the cross rails from slipping in the rail crossing.
    Furthermore, the cross rails can preferably be locked with a locking mechanism, this locking mechanism also preferably being able to be unlocked manually without tools. This locking mechanism can in particular be used to prevent undesired slipping or loosening of the cross rails
    prevent.
    Furthermore, the rail crossing preferably comprises a detection device which is designed to detect correct positioning of the cross rails in the first position. This can prevent the cross rails from being correctly connected to the rail crossing after moving from the second position to the first position, which in the worst case could lead to derailment or the rack vehicle falling. As a detection device, for example, a pressure sensor on a
    specific point of the rail crossing can be used.
    Shelf structure in which all cross rails are correctly installed.
    Furthermore, the invention preferably creates a shelf storage, comprising at least one shelf aisle, at least one transverse travel path running transversely to this, the rail crossing in one of the aforementioned embodiments, and a shelf vehicle, wherein the longitudinal rails run parallel to the shelf aisle in order to allow the shelf vehicle to travel along the shelf aisle enable, and wherein the cross rails are arranged in such a way that they enable the rack vehicle to travel across the rack aisle. As a result, a rack storage system can be achieved with the advantageous properties as explained above for the rail crossing. The longitudinal rails are preferably firmly connected to the shelf storage facility and, as a rule, cannot be removed, which in addition to the static reinforcement of the shelf in the intersection area, the background of the mechanical
    and therefore has a safety-related demarcation from the aisles next to it.
    It goes without saying that the rack storage system can also have several parallel rack aisles and, moreover, several levels can be provided in each rack aisle at vertical intervals on which rack vehicles can travel. Thus, several of the mentioned rail crossings can lie on top of one another in the shelf storage. It is further understood that, as an alternative to the cross rails, the longitudinal rails could also be designed to be adjustable between the first and the second position. In a further embodiment, some or all of the longitudinal and transverse rails are adjustable between the first and the second position. In all of these embodiments, the shelf vehicle is preferred as
    Trained one-level vehicle.
    In shelf stores with several levels, a sensor can preferably be provided which is designed to detect and report unauthorized use of at least one transverse travel path of a lowest level. Since the transverse routes generally do not include gratings that can be walked on at all times or only temporarily accessible maintenance platforms, as described below, the entire transverse route can be walked on with just one sensor
    be monitored.
    Furthermore, the said shelf storage system preferably comprises a control device which is designed to control shelf vehicles located in the shelf storage facility in such a way that they drive into an area outside the shelf aisle. Thus, in the case of a
    Aisle inspection ensures that all operational shelf vehicles
    can be used economically and the system availability can be kept high.
    Furthermore, said shelf storage preferably comprises a further or the named control device and at least one shelf vehicle which is designed to drive over a rail crossing at a predetermined test speed when it has been moved from the second position to the first position and after it has been successfully passed through At the crossing of the rails, a feedback can be sent, the correct first position of the cross rails being advantageously detected by sensors. An additional safety precaution can be created by means of a rack vehicle configured in this way or it can be dispensed with, for example the rail crossings
    to be monitored electrically.
    Furthermore, the shelf storage is advantageously equipped with an access control with which areas entered by maintenance personnel are recorded and the intersections concerned are marked as being checked by the control of the shelf system in a database. When a storage and retrieval vehicle drives over such a marked intersection for the first time, the storage and retrieval vehicle can detect the correct position of the cross rails at a low test speed and then clear the intersection for driving at high speed,
    by the control deleting the entry from the database.
    In the embodiment mentioned, it is advantageous if the shelf vehicle senses the correct first position of the cross rails and reports it to the control device together with the position of the shelf vehicle. This enables the following
    Storage and retrieval vehicles no longer have to slow down to the intersection that has already been checked.
    In order to enable maintenance of the transverse routes, which for safety reasons or cost reasons are usually equipped without grating for inspection, two embodiments can be provided. According to the first embodiment, the shelf storage comprises at least one maintenance platform which is so wide that it can be displaced on the longitudinal running rails and is long enough that it can be displaced on the transverse running rails so that the maintenance platform can be displaced from the rack aisle into a transverse path in order to there to create a stand for maintenance work.
    can.
    Advantageous and non-limiting embodiments of the invention become
    explained in more detail below with reference to the drawings.
    FIG. 1 shows a multi-dimensional rack storage facility in a schematic plan view.
    Figure 2 shows the shelf storage of Figure 1 in a schematic perspective view. FIG. 3 shows a rail crossing of the shelf storage of FIG. 1 in a schematic perspective view.
    Figure 4 shows the intersection of Figure 3, with the cross rails from the intersection
    are removed to reveal a passage area.
    FIG. 1 shows a shelf storage 1 with shelf aisles 2a, along which storage goods 3 are stacked on both sides. The rack aisles 2a can be up to 200 meters long and even longer, for example. Transverse travel paths 2b run transversely to the shelf aisles 2a, for example normal to the shelf aisles 2a. As shown in FIG. 2, the storage goods 3 can also be arranged in vertical rows, so that the shelf storage 1 can have a height of, for example, up to 40 meters and even more. The shelf aisle 2a usually has one
    Width that allows a person to walk through.
    Along the rack aisles 2a, which run along a horizontal longitudinal direction L, longitudinal rails 4 are arranged on both sides, on which rack vehicles 5 can travel. The longitudinal rails 4 are generally arranged along the entire shelf aisle 2a, so that the shelf vehicle 5 travels the entire length of the shelf aisle 2a on the shelf rails 4
    can.
    In the rack warehouse 1, several parallel rack aisles 2a are usually arranged,
    for example two or more aisles 2a. In some use cases of the booth
    To use an escape route.
    According to FIGS. 1 and 2, however, the shelf storage 1 also has transverse rails 6 along the transverse travel paths 2 b, which are arranged, for example, essentially normal to the longitudinal rails 4. As a result, the shelf vehicle 5 can also drive into the shelf storage 1 in a horizontal transverse direction Q which, for example, runs essentially normal to the longitudinal direction L. This allows shelf vehicles 5 from a shelf aisle 2a in a
    Change to other shelf aisle 2a.
    FIG. 3 shows in detail that a rail crossing 7 is provided at the intersection of the longitudinal rails 4 and the transverse rails 6. The longitudinal rails 4 and the transverse rails 6 essentially form a rectangle in the rail intersection 7. According to the invention, the rail intersection 7 is not manufactured in one piece, but rather has a modular design. The cross rails 6 are provided movably in the rail crossing 7 in such a way that in a first position of the cross rails 6 they can be driven over by the rack vehicle 5, see Figure 3, and in a second position of the cross rails 6 there is a passage area between the longitudinal rails 4, see Figure 4 For example, the transverse rails 6 can be removed from the rail intersection 7, with the longitudinal rails 4 remaining in their position. The cross rails 6 could also be pivoted in the rail intersection 7, so that in the second position they are arranged, for example, vertically or parallel to the longitudinal rails 6. In the embodiment of Figure 4, the cross rails 6 are positioned in the second position parallel to the longitudinal rails 4, wherein
    the longitudinal rails 4 can still be driven on by the shelf vehicle 5.
    The rail crossings 7 enable storage and retrieval vehicles 5 to pass the crossing area along the longitudinal direction L or along the transverse direction Q. Furthermore, the rail crossings 7 can enable a shelf vehicle 5 to move from the longitudinal direction L.
    enters the rail intersection 7 and leaves it in the transverse direction Q, or vice versa.
    According to FIGS. 3 and 4, the rail crossing 7 is formed in that connecting means 9 are attached to uprights 8 of the shelf storage 1, for example permanently or only releasable by tools. The longitudinal rails 4 and the transverse rails 6 are consequently attached to these connecting means 9. An exemplary rail intersection 7 thus includes
    two longitudinal rails 4, two transverse rails 6 and four connecting means 9.
    a length which corresponds to a width of the shelf aisle 2a.
    In one embodiment, the cross rails 6 can be dismantled manually without tools, for example in that the cross rails 6 are connected by means of a bolt connection in the rail intersection 7. The cross rails 6 can only be in the
    Rail intersection 7 are inserted, whereby this is already passable.
    Alternatively, the cross rails 6 are in the first position by means of
    Fastening elements, preferably by means of fastening screws, mounted in the rail crossing. The fastening elements cannot, for example, be opened without tools but require the use of a tool, for example one for the fastening screws
    complementary screwdriver.
    As can be seen from FIG. 4, the cross rails 6 are attached to the rail crossing 7 by means of a securing element 10, preferably by means of a rope or a chain, so that the cross rails 6 are still connected to the rail crossing 7 in the second position. As a result, the cross rail 6 can be suspended from the rail intersection 7 in a simple manner without it being lost or falling down. Since the cross rail 6 is thus in spatial proximity to the rail crossing 7 even in the dismantled state, the reinsertion of the cross rail 6 in the rail crossing 7 can be carried out more quickly than would be the case if all the cross rails 6 of the shelf storage 1 were collected centrally during dismantling and again during installation
    would have to be distributed.
    The securing element 10 is designed in the illustrated embodiment such that
    it in the first position of the cross rail 6, in which this can be driven over by the rack vehicle 5,
    the first position of the cross rail 6 take their desired position.
    In order to bring the cross rail 6 from the second position back into the first position in a simple manner, in which it can be driven over by the rack vehicle 5, the cross rails 6 can be positioned by means of positioning aids, the cross rails 6 preferably being locked with locking pins. The positioning aid can be, for example, a groove, notch, or elevation in the connecting means 9 or in the longitudinal rail 4 or also on the shelf upright 8, which is deformed in opposite directions on the transverse rail 6
    cooperates.
    Furthermore, the transverse rails 6 can be locked with a locking mechanism, this locking mechanism preferably being able to be unlocked manually without tools. The locking mechanism can be used to prevent removal, slipping or, in general, the movement of the cross rail 6. The locking is preferably done mechanically, but could also be done electromechanically, for example. In the simplest case, the locking mechanism is a manually displaceable bolt on the connecting element 9, on the longitudinal rail 4, on the shelf upright 8 or on the transverse rail 6 itself, the bolt facilitating the removal of the
    Cross rail 6 prevented.
    Depending on the application, the cross rails 6 can be coated with a signal color, as a result of which the reinsertion of the cross rails 6 into the rail intersection 7 is made easier. As a result, it can be recognized at first glance whether a transverse rail 6 is in a state suspended by a securing element 10 or at least in the vicinity of the rail crossing 7. Furthermore, the signal color is helpful for quick dismantling of the cross rails 6 in emergency situations, since even in poor visibility conditions, e.g. Smoke in the shelf storage 1, it can be determined which cross rail 6 is still obstructing the escape route.
    The rack vehicles 5 are usually connected to a central computer, for example by a radio link or by electrical contacts on the rails 6, 7. When maintenance work is to be carried out or when an alarm is triggered
    a signal can be sent from the control device to the storage and retrieval vehicles 5
    so that they leave the maintenance area and preferably drive into an area outside the rack aisle 2a, e.g. in the nearest, across to shelf aisle 2a
    running transverse path 2b or in an adjacent shelf aisle 2a.
    To rescue individual, no longer operating shelf vehicles 5, these can remain in the shelf aisle 2a and only the operational shelf vehicles 5 leave the shelf aisles 2a. As a result, workers can easily dismantle cross rails 6 and retrieve no longer functional shelf vehicles 5, for example push them along shelf aisle 2a without being hindered by the functional shelf vehicles 5
    will.
    Advantageously, the storage and retrieval vehicle 5 is electrically deactivated or switched off at a main switch, whereby the electric drives are moved manually
    can.
    Storage and retrieval vehicles 5 to be rescued, which are in a transverse journey Q, are pushed transversely into a rail crossing 7 during the course of the rescue, and the direction of movement of the storage and retrieval vehicle 5 is then manually switched from transverse travel Q to longitudinal travel L. This can be done by a latching lever mechanism or by manually driving the lifting drive, for example using an emergency crank
    used tool wrench or ratchet drive.
    Since the cross rails 6 according to the invention in the second position, in which they release a passage area between the longitudinal rails 4, are not suitable for forming a passable area for a rack vehicle 5 traveling across the shelf aisle 2a, safety precautions are taken according to the invention to prevent a fall
    or to prevent derailment of the rack vehicle 5.
    Thus, the rail crossing 7 can have a detection device which is designed to detect correct positioning of the cross rails 6 in the first position. The detection device can be, for example, a pressure switch which is located on the connecting means 9 or on the longitudinal rail 4 and outputs a signal when the transverse rail is in the first or second position. Alternatively, an electrical contact could be provided, which ensures the correct positioning of the cross rail 6
    detected in the first position.
    As an alternative or in addition to this, the storage and retrieval vehicles 5 can themselves check whether a cross rail 6 is in the first, passable position. For example, the rack vehicles 5 could drive the rail crossing 7 at a predetermined test speed when the rack vehicles 5 receive the information that the cross rails 6 of a respective rail crossing 7 have been moved from the second position to the first position. The storage and retrieval vehicles 5 can thus drive slowly over the rail intersection 7 in order to test or detect by sensors whether the rail intersection 7 can be driven over in order to prevent falls. After successfully driving on the rail crossing 7, the rack vehicle
    5 also send a feedback so that the next time the respective
    Rail crossing 7 a normal speed can be assumed again.
    In a further aspect, a possibility can be provided for maintaining the transverse travel paths 2b. In contrast to the rack aisles 2a in the service levels, the crossways 2b are usually not equipped with a walk-on grating and in the
    Usually designed as continuous shafts.
    Mobile maintenance platforms can be used to enable maintenance of the transverse routes 2b. In a first embodiment, the maintenance platforms preferably have a width with which they fit into the profile of the longitudinal running rail 4 and a length with which they fit into the profile of the transverse running rails 6. The maintenance platforms can be stacked on top of one another and brought into the intersection areas 7 via the aisle 2a. Here, the maintenance platforms can, for example, be manually unstacked and moved into the respective transverse path 2b,
    in order to create a stand there for maintenance work.
    Alternatively, the maintenance platforms in a second embodiment can also have a smaller width than in the first embodiment. In the second embodiment, the maintenance platforms can be stacked on a manually movable level control device. The level control device can move on the longitudinal running rails 4 into the intersection area 7, where the maintenance platforms are unstacked and moved into the respective transverse path 2b, around a standing area
    form for maintenance.
    In the absence of grating in the crossways 2b, these cannot be walked on in higher levels, which means that walking from an inactive shelf aisle 2a to an adjacent active shelf aisle 2a is prevented in these levels. To one too
    Inspection from an inactive shelf aisle 2a into an adjacent active shelf aisle 2a
    to prevent, an additional monitoring of at least one transverse travel path 2b
    be made possible by means of sensory detection.
    权利要求:
    Claims (17)
    [1]
    1. Rail crossing (7) for a shelf storage (1), the rail crossing (7) comprising at least two longitudinal rails (4) on which a rack vehicle (5) can travel in a horizontal longitudinal direction (L), and at least two transverse rails (6) on which the rack vehicle (5) can travel in a horizontal transverse direction (Q),
    characterized in that
    the cross rails (6) are movably provided in the rail crossing (7) in such a way that in a first position of the cross rails (6) they can be driven over by the rack vehicle (5) and in a second position of the cross rails (6) a passage area between the
    Longitudinal rails (4) are present.
    [2]
    2. rail crossing (7) according to claim 1, wherein the cross rails (6) manually without
    Tool can be dismantled.
    [3]
    3. rail crossing (7) according to claim 1, wherein the cross rails (6) in the first position by means of fastening elements, preferably by means of fastening screws, in the
    Rail crossing (7) are mounted.
    [4]
    4. rail crossing (7) according to one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the cross rails (6) are attached by means of a securing element (10), preferably by means of a rope or a chain, in the rail crossing (7) so that the cross rails (6) in the second position
    are still connected to the rail crossing (7).
    [5]
    5. rail crossing (7) according to claim 4, wherein the securing elements (10) in the first
    Position are arranged such that they do not hinder the travel of a rack vehicle (5).
    [6]
    6. rail crossing (7) according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the cross rails (6) in the first position in the rail crossing (7) and inserted by means of positioning aids
    are positioned, wherein the cross rails (6) are preferably locked with locking pins.
    [7]
    7. rail crossing (7) according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the cross rails (6) are locked with a locking mechanism, which
    Locking mechanism can preferably be unlocked manually without tools.
    [8]
    8. rail crossing (7) according to one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the cross rails (6) with
    are coated with a signal color.
    [9]
    9. rail crossing (7) according to one of claims 1 to 8, comprising a detection device which is designed to ensure correct positioning of the
    Detect cross rails (6) in the first position.
    [10]
    10. Shelf storage (1) comprising at least one shelf aisle (2a), at least one transverse travel path (2b) running transversely to this, the rail crossing (7) according to one of claims 1 to 9 and at least one shelf vehicle (5), wherein the longitudinal rails (4 ) run parallel to the shelf aisle (2a) in order to enable the shelf vehicle (5) to travel along the shelf aisle (2a), and wherein the cross rails (4) are arranged in such a way that they travel
    enable a shelf vehicle (5) along the transverse travel path (2b).
    [11]
    11. Shelf storage (1) according to claim 10, wherein in the at least one shelf aisle (2a) a plurality of rail crossings (7) are arranged substantially one above the other and that
    Shelf vehicle is preferably designed as a single-level vehicle.
    [12]
    12. Shelf storage (1) according to claim 11, comprising a sensor which is designed to detect unauthorized use of at least one transverse travel path (2b) of a lowest level
    and to report.
    [13]
    13. Shelf storage (1) according to one of claims 10 to 12, comprising a control device which is designed to control selected rack vehicles (5) located in the rack storage (1) in such a way that they leave an area and preferably out of the rack aisle (2a ) drive.
    [14]
    14. Shelf storage (1) according to one of claims 10 to 13, comprising a or the control device, wherein the at least one shelf vehicle (5) is designed to drive a rail crossing (7) at a predetermined test speed when the cross rails (6 ) this rail crossing (7) has been moved from the second position to the first position, and after successfully driving over the rail crossing (7) one
    Send feedback to the control device.
    [15]
    15. shelf storage (1) according to claim 14, wherein the shelf vehicle (5) is designed to the
    correct first position of the cross rails (6) to be detected by sensors and together with the
    Report the position of the rack vehicle (5) to the control device.
    [16]
    16. Shelf storage (1) according to one of claims 10 to 15, comprising at least one maintenance platform which is so wide that it can be displaced on the longitudinal running rails (4) and is so long that it is displaceable on the transverse running rails (6), so that the maintenance platform can be moved from the rack aisle (2a) into a transverse path (2b) in order to
    to form a stand there for maintenance work.
    [17]
    17. Shelf storage (1) according to one of claims 10 to 15, comprising a level control device that can be displaced in the shelf aisle (2a) and at least one maintenance platform which is less wide than a distance between the longitudinal running rails (4) and is so long that it is on the Cross rails (6) can be moved so that the maintenance platform can be moved along the rack aisle (2a) and into a cross travel path (2b) using the level control device
    is displaceable to form a base for maintenance work there.
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    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    ATA50712/2019A|AT522334B1|2019-08-13|2019-08-13|Rail crossing for a shelf storage|ATA50712/2019A| AT522334B1|2019-08-13|2019-08-13|Rail crossing for a shelf storage|
    PCT/AT2020/060200| WO2021026573A1|2019-08-13|2020-05-14|Rail crossing for a rack-storage system|
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